Surface Energy Budget over the Pantanal Wetland During the dry Season

In this work, the diurnal cycle of components of the surfaceenergy budget (SEB) are computed to the Brazilian Pantanal wetlandduring the dry season (September 1999). The analyzed data were collectedduring the Interdisciplinary Pantanal Experiment (IPE-2) realized by INPEand UFMS. A very defined diurnal cycle is observed, suggesting that theavailable energy at surface is mainly employed in the evapotranspirationeven during the dry season.Neste trabalho os componentes do balanço de radiação e energiaà superfície são investigados para o Pantanal Sul Mato-Grossense. Osdados experimentais foram coletados por uma torre meteorológica durantea Campanha Interdisciplinar do Pantanal (IPE-2) em setembro de1999 realizada pelo INPE e UFMS

“BRASIL, DECIME QUÉ SE SIENTE”: UM ESTUDO SOBRE AGLOMERAÇÃO NA COPA DO MUNDO

This study investigates visitor reactions to the human and spatial agglomeration of World Cup stadiums, relating the variable of crowding perception to emotions and consumer’s satisfaction. The largest world event based on a single sport, the Cup moves millions of tourists during the period of its accomplishment. Constantly explored in previous research, the perception of crowding presents a gap in the tangent to relationships established in entertainment environments. The quantitative research, based on the Machleit, Kellaris and Eroglu (1994) scale, presented 270 cases analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling method. The results indicate that the crowding of people in football stadiums during the World Cup triggers positive emotions in the consumer, contrary to most previous studies conducted in other types of environments. The perception of spatial crowding, in turn, maintained the negative character mostly attested by the literature, relating negatively to positive emotions. There was evidence that perception of human crowding influences more intensely on satisfaction than the perception of space crowding. / Este estudo investiga as reações dos visitantes à aglomeração humana e espacial dos estádios da Copa, relacionando a variável percepção de crowding às emoções e a satisfação do consumidor. O maior evento mundial baseado em um único esporte, a Copa, movimenta milhões de turistas durante o período de sua realização. Constantemente explorada em pesquisas anteriores, a percepção de crowding apresenta uma lacuna na tangente às relações estabelecidas em ambientes de entretenimento. A pesquisa quantitativa, baseada na escala de Machleit, Kellaris e Eroglu (1994), apresentou 270 casos analisados pelo método de Modelagem de Equações Estruturais. Os resultados indicam que a aglomeração de pessoas em estádios de futebol durante a Copa do Mundo desencadeia emoções positivas no consumidor, ao contrário da maioria dos estudos anteriores realizados em outros tipos de ambientes. A percepção do crowding espacial, por sua vez, manteve o caráter negativo mais atestado pela literatura, relacionando-se negativamente com as emoções positivas. Houve evidências de que a percepção do crowding humano influencia mais intensamente a satisfação do que a percepção de aglomeração espacial

Why not "do simple things in a simple way": Use of the Pap test as the first step in screening genetic stability for human cultured stem cell therapy?

The aim of this study was to analyze adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs) using the Pap test as a first screening step to evaluate genetic stability. Human adipose tissue from six healthy female donors was obtained from elective liposuction procedures. The cells were isolated, cultivated at P2/P3, characterized by flow cytometric analysis, and differentiation induced. The AT-MSCs were stained by Papanicolaou staining and analyzed according to the Bethesda classification, and viability-apoptosis relationships were evaluated. The results of the Pap test for Sample I indicated high-grade alterations consistent with genetic instability; for Samples II-V, atypical cells of undetermined significance; and for Sample VI, normal cells. These results demonstrate the potential of using the Pap test as an initial screening step to evaluate the genetic stability of cultured AT-MSCs and also suggest its use for other adherent cells such as embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells

Physiological responses of cowpea genotypes cultivated in rainfed on different phenological stages

Cowpea is one of the most consumed annual legumes in the world, but, despite its economic importance, the crop has low productivity in the Northeast of Brazil, being related to the genotypes used, climatic factors, and soil quality. In this context, this study aimed to evaluate the physiological parameters of nine genotypes in different phenological stages, cultivated under rainfed conditions. The experiment was carried out in the area of cowpea multiplication, belonging to the Federal University of Ceará (UFC), using a completely randomized design in a 9x2 factorial scheme, referring to nine genotypes and two stages of development (vegetative and reproductive) with ten repetitions, totaling 90 experimental plots. The evaluation of gas exchange (photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration, Ci/Ca ratio, and water use efficiency) were performed in the vegetative and reproductive phases (30 and 60 days after sowing), using the infrared gas analyzer (IRGA). It was verified that the variables of photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, and transpiration presented higher values in the vegetative stage concerning the reproductive stage, standing out of genotypes CE693, CE701, and CE735. For variables, Ci/Ca ratio, and water use efficiency, the genotypes with the lowest mean values were CE390 and CE570. The genotypes CE693, CE701, and CE735, presented better stability in the physiological parameters in the two phenological stages, and this may favor the production of cowpea

Variabilidade da vazão na Bacia Hidrográfica do Rio Araguaia influenciada pela precipitação em anos extremos e desmatamento

Os extremos climáticos e a dinâmica de uso e cobertura do solo podem acarretar alterações na vazão dos rios. O objetivo deste trabalho foi analisar a vazão do rio Araguaia sob os efeitos de anos extremos associada à dinâmica do uso do solo na bacia hidrográfica do rio Araguaia no período de 1981 a 2019. O produto do uso e cobertura do solo foi baseado na classificação do Projeto MapBiomas, importado da plataforma Google Earth Engine. Os dados de precipitação e vazão medidas foram obtidos da Agência Nacional de Águas, enquanto a precipitação estimada se baseou nos dados Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Station data. A climatologia da precipitação apresentou os menores valores (1.464,9–1.720,4 mm) no setor centro-sul, e os maiores (1.720,4–2.014,6 mm) montantes pluviais foram vistos ao norte. Contudo, identificou-se nos cinco postos pluviométricos alta variabilidade de precipitação, com destaque para os anos extremos. Tais anos chuvosos e secos foram marcados por grande diferença na disponibilidade hídrica. Houve intensa redução dos biomas amazônico e cerrado em 31.641,8 e 42.618,9 km², respectivamente, principalmente em decorrência da expansão de 18.936,1 km² das atividades de agricultura e 47.494 km² de pasto. A variabilidade fluviométrica apresentou tendência de diminuição, principalmente nos últimos 15 anos. Ações públicas como intensificação de políticas ambientais, monitoramento com enfoque nas áreas mais comprometidas e estratégicas, como a cabeceira do rio Araguaia, podem minimizar os impactos causados por extremos climáticos e desmatamento.The climatic extremes and the dynamics of land use and cover can cause changes in river flow. The objective of this work was to analyze the flow of the Araguaia River under the effects of extreme years associated with the dynamics of land use in the Araguaia Watershed (AW) from 1981 to 2019. The land use and land cover product were based on the MapBiomas Project classification, imported from the Google Earth Engine. The measured rainfall and flow data were obtained from the National Water Agency. In contrast, the estimated rainfall was based on the data Climate Hazards Group InfraRed Precipitation with Stations. The precipitation climatology showed the lowest values (1,464.9–1,720.4 mm) in the south-central sector, and the highest (1,720.4–2,014.6 mm) rainfall amounts were observed in the north sector. However, it was identified in the five pluviometric stations with a high variability of precipitation, with an emphasis on the extreme years. Such wet and dry years were marked by a large difference in water availability. There was an intense reduction of the Amazon and Cerrado biomes by 31,641.8 and 42,618.9 km², respectively, mainly due to the expansion of 18,936.1 km² of agricultural activities and 47,494 km² of pasture. The fluviometric variability showed a decreasing trend, mainly in the past 15 years. Public actions, such as the intensification of environmental policies, monitoring focusing on the most compromised and strategic areas such as the headwaters of the Araguaia River, can minimize the impacts caused by climate extremes and deforestation

An evaluation of the protective effect of an infusion of chilled glucosesolution on thermal injury of the bile ducts caused by radiofrequency ablation of the liver

PURPOSE: To evaluate the protective effects of chilling the bile ducts with cold (5°C) 5% glucose solution (GS) during radiofrequency (RF) administration. METHODS: Twenty male pigs (3 mos. old; 25-30 kg) were subjected to RF delivery with chilling (experimental group, N=10) or without chilling (control group, N=10). Half of the animals in each group were euthanized immediately after the operation, and half were euthanized one week later. The following histological variables in relation to the bile ducts were evaluated by a pathologist (blind examiner): degenerative changes to the epithelium; epithelial necrosis; ulceration, regenerative changes of the epithelium; polymorphonuclear neutrophil infiltration; and thermal effects. RESULTS: The experimental group (88 bile ducts examined) showed reduced thermal damage relative to the control group (86 bile ducts examined) as demonstrated by significant differences in the following histopathological parameters: epithelial detachment of biliary epithelium (84.1% vs. 59.3%; p<0.006); elongation/palisade arrangement of nuclei (65.1% vs. 87.5%; p<0.001); pseudo-goblet cells (32.9% vs. 56.8%; p<0.001). CONCLUSION: Infusion of 5% glucose solution (5°C) has a protective effect on bile duct subjected to heat (95-110°C, 12 min) from radiofrequency thermal ablation device.Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Federal University of São PauloUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of PathologyUniversidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Department of SurgeryAlbert Einstein Israelite Hospital Department of Image DiagnosticUNIFESP School of MedicineUNIFESP, Department of PathologyUNIFESP, Department of SurgeryUNIFESP, School of MedicineSciEL